7/30/2023 0 Comments Psychological phenomena![]() ![]() It is hypothesized here that the uncanny valley effect is a particular manifestation of a more general psychological phenomenon in which perception is distorted by categorization 19, 20. Overall, the majority of explanations of the uncanny valley effect are based on empirical studies and, apart from a suggestion that it could be characterized using lateral inhibition 18, no mathematical model of the core result has been proposed hitherto. Other studies have suggested that the effect might arise from a mismatch between different sensory cues 11, 4 and recent results using fMRI scanning of the brain appear to support this hypothesis 17 (as do the results reported here). For example, some studies have suggested a link between ‘eeriness’ and emotional responses associated with fear (particularly of death) 3 and this may explain how a potentially universal effect can be obscured by systematic differences between subjects' responses as a function of their personality type and emotional stability 16. ![]() In fact, the term Mori used originally to describe his vertical axis - “shinwa-kan” - is a neologism in Japanese and some authors have suggested that a more accurate translation would be ‘affinity’ rather than ‘familiarity’ 12 – a proposal that fits well with the results reported here.Ī number of accounts have been put forward, both for the effect itself and for why it is sometimes not apparent 13, 14, 15. This lack of clear evidence one way or the other maybe due, in part, to some confusion over the precise nature of Mori's dimension of ‘familiarity’ 11, 2, 3. Notwithstanding the widespread interest in the uncanny valley hypothesis, only a few studies have provided empirical evidence for its existence 3, 4, 5, 6 and several have failed to find the effect at all 7, 8, 9, 10. ![]() In science and engineering the effect has become of increasing relevance to technical developments in the field of human-machine interaction as the fidelity of interface agents (either on-screen virtual agents or physical humanoid robots) reaches the point where feelings of repulsion could detract from the user experience and inhibit interaction 2. Mori's notion of the uncanny valley has entered into popular culture with lifelike artifacts (such as ‘Furby’ - the children's toy), animated films (such as the 2004 feature ‘Polar Express’ starring Tom Hanks) and humanlike robots (such as ‘Geminoid F’) often being described by observers as “strange” or “creepy”. ![]() He also proposed that the uncanny valley effect can be stronger when near-human artifacts are moving rather than still (as illustrated by the difference between the two curves illustrated in Fig. For example, Mori noted that viewing a prosthetic hand can trigger feelings of eeriness and repulsion, whereas seeing a genuine human hand or a simple mechanical hand does not. The term ‘uncanny valley’ was coined by Masahiro Mori in 1970 to describe the observation that near-human artifacts can engender strong negative emotions in an observer ( Fig. ![]()
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